{"id":1813,"date":"2022-09-08T20:31:43","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T17:31:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solar-schools.org\/hydrogen-production-from-biomass\/"},"modified":"2025-02-19T16:58:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T13:58:05","slug":"hydrogen-production-from-biomass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solar-schools.org\/de\/hydrogen-production-from-biomass\/","title":{"rendered":"Biomasse zur Wasserstoffproduktion"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zur Gewinnung von Wasserstoff gibt es viele M\u00f6glichkeiten, von denen wir Ihnen bereits das Verfahren mit Meerwasser vorgestellt haben. Doch auch aus Biomasse l\u00e4sst sich Wasserstoff herstellen, wie Forschende der Eidgen\u00f6ssischen Polytechnischen Schule Lausanne (EPFL) mit dem Prinzip der Photopyrolyse zeigen. Mit diesem Verfahren kann Biomasse in Brennstoffe umgewandelt werden: Wasserstoff, Biokohle und andere Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen. Zudem funktioniert dieser Vorgang deutlich einfacher und schneller als in einem herk\u00f6mmlichen Versuchsaufbau.<\/p>\n

Der Prozess der Photopyrolyse basiert auf der Pyrolyse von Biomasse. Bei diesem Verfahren wird Biomasse unter hohem Druck von f\u00fcnf Bar bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 800 Grad Celsius verarbeitet. Die Endprodukte sind Biokohle und Synthesegas. Synthesegas ist ein Gasgemisch, das haupts\u00e4chlich aus Wasserstoff besteht, aber auch Kohlenmonoxid und Methan enth\u00e4lt. Da der chemische Prozess bei hohen Temperaturen und hohem Druck ablaufen muss, ist das Verfahren zudem technisch aufw\u00e4ndig und teuer.<\/p>\n

Bei einem neuen Verfahren, das Lausanner Forscher entwickelt haben, wird Biomasse einem Xenonlichtblitz ausgesetzt, um eine photothermische Reaktion auszul\u00f6sen. Xenonlampen sind spezielle mit Xenongas betriebene Lampen, deren Leuchtkraft durch eine Gasentladung entsteht. Als Biomasse nutzten die Forscher im Experiment Bananenschalen, Orangenschalen, Kaffeebohnen, Maiskolben und Kokosnussschalen. Sie wurden zun\u00e4chst 24 Stunden bei 105 Grad Celsius getrocknet und anschlie\u00dfend gemahlen. Das Pulver wurde in einer d\u00fcnnen Schicht in ein Edelstahlgef\u00e4\u00df aufgetragen. Um eine Oxidation zu verhindern, wurde die Luft im Gef\u00e4\u00df durch hei\u00dfes Argon ersetzt. Anschlie\u00dfend wurde das Pulver mithilfe einer Xenonlampe 14,5 Millisekunden lang mit 13,1 Joule pro Quadratzentimeter aufblitzen lassen. Die Reaktion erfolgt bei normalem Atmosph\u00e4rendruck und Raumtemperatur.<\/p>\n

\u201eAus jedem Kilogramm getrockneter Biomasse lassen sich etwa 100 Liter Wasserstoff und 330 Gramm Biokohle gewinnen, also bis zu 33 Prozent der urspr\u00fcnglichen Masse getrockneter Bananenschale\u201c, erkl\u00e4rt Bhavna Nagar, die an der Studie mitgearbeitet hat. (pv-magazine<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Nach Abzug der zum Trocknen und Entspannen der Biomasse aufgewendeten Energie erreicht der Prozess einen positiven Energiewert von 4,09 Megajoule pro Kilogramm getrockneter Biomasse. Au\u00dfer als Brennstoff kann Biokohle auch als D\u00fcngemittel oder Elektrodenmaterial verwendet werden. Die Methode k\u00f6nnte k\u00fcnftig ein Ausgangspunkt f\u00fcr die Umwandlung von Industrieabf\u00e4llen in Wasserstoff und Biokohle werden.<\/p>\n

Quelle:<\/p>\n

pv-magazine, article by Marian Willuhn (3\/2\/2022):<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.pv-magazine.de\/2022\/03\/02\/neues-blitzlicht-verfahren-zur-gewinnung-von-gruenem-wasserstoff-aus-bananenschalen-entwickelt\/<\/a>, accessed: 3\/6\/2022 at 2 p.m.<\/p>\n

article by Gianluca Riccio (2\/28\/2022):<\/p>\n

https:\/\/de.futuroprossimo.it\/2022\/02\/il-politecnico-di-losanna-ha-un-metodo-per-estrarre-idrogeno-dalle-banane\/<\/a>, accessed: 3\/7\/2022 at 10 a.m.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There are many ways to produce hydrogen, of which we have already presented the seawater process. But hydrogen can also be produced from biomass, as researchers at the \u00c9cole poyltechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL) have shown using the principle of photo pyrolysis. The process can convert biomass into the fuels hydrogen, biochar and other hydrocarbon […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"\nHydrogen production from biomass - Solar Schools<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/solar-schools.org\/de\/hydrogen-production-from-biomass\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hydrogen production from biomass - Solar Schools\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There are many ways to produce hydrogen, of which we have already presented the seawater process. But hydrogen can also be produced from biomass, as researchers at the \u00c9cole poyltechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL) have shown using the principle of photo pyrolysis. 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